Health insurance is a financial arrangement that covers the cost of an individual's medical and surgical expenses. Depending on the policy, coverage can include a range of healthcare services such as hospitalization, doctor visits, surgery, prescriptions, and sometimes dental care. Policyholders typically pay premiums, and may also have out-of-pocket expenses like deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance. Health insurance can be purchased individually or provided by employers as part of employee benefits, and aims to reduce the financial burden of healthcare, making medical services more accessible and affordable.